This text provides a profound reflection on a statement by the theologian J. B. Souček, who asserted that the true subject of philosophy would always remain the nature of being. The author critically engages with this thesis, suggesting that Souček implied a necessary limitation of philosophical inquiry to the world of beings or entities—that which objectively exists. A central theme of the essay is the author's search for an answer to whether philosophy and theology can legitimately address the category of non-being. The author finds a key to this problem in the work of Emanuel Rádl, specifically in his fundamental distinction between what is and what ought to be. The text emphasizes that theological thought is inextricably linked to philosophical foundations and that understanding the nature of being is primarily a philosophical problem rather than a strictly religious one. The author concludes that a critical examination of what we mean by the term being is an essential prerequisite for any deeper understanding of the human relationship to the world and the order of values.