This text explores the concept of inalienable human rights, examining their fundamental nature and historical trajectory. Although the idea of natural rights lacks internal philosophical integrity and may appear to be a remnant of declining metaphysics, it maintains its significance in modern society. The paper highlights the paradox where, despite Nietzsche's diagnosis of the devaluation of values and the prevalence of intellectual relativism, these rights remain resilient within both public consciousness and political circles. This persistence is attributed primarily to their perceived indispensability in current social structures. The author traces the roots of this phenomenon from Ancient Greece and the prophetic traditions of Israel to the formative influence of the Reformation in England and the Netherlands. However, the classical form of human rights was firmly established only in connection with the American and French Revolutions. The analysis seeks to explain why this construct retains its authority even in an era dominated by skepticism and historical contingency.