Written for Karel Kosík’s 50th birthday in 1976, this text analyzes the chronic crisis of modern democracy, which it identifies as primarily theoretical rather than merely practical. The author critiques the outdated natural law foundations of human rights and calls for a rehabilitation of reason and conscience in the political sphere. Drawing on the ideas of Kosík and Jan Hus, the essay defines the human subject as one constituted through radical reflection. This reflection requires an ecstatic openness toward the world and truth, allowing consciousness to transcend pragmatic limitations. Politics is redefined not as the art of the possible, but as the creation of new, improbable possibilities. The role of philosophy in political life is presented as systematic principal reflection that brings political actions into the light of truth and exposes false anthropologies. A genuine political subject emerges by rejecting the status of a passive object of power and embracing responsibility for the whole. Ultimately, philosophy preserves freedom by grounding politics in a commitment to truth and justice.