This 1950 essay explores the human position in the world through the lens of our relationship with nature and science. Drawing on biblical foundations, the author positions humanity as a ruler over creation, emancipated from instinct through the development of language and reason. The text traces historical progress from the dead end of magic and myth to Greek theoretical philosophy and eventually to modern experimental science. However, it warns that science and technology risk becoming autonomous, oppressive forces or "false religions" if they are detached from human practice and ethical foundations. Science is defined as a refined tool for mastering the material world, rather than a source of ultimate truth or existential meaning. The author argues that science must remain a servant to humanity, integrated into a broader social and moral framework rather than dominating it. Ultimately, the text calls for a balanced approach where science fulfills its vital practical function without eclipsing the essential spiritual and moral dimensions of human life.