This study examines the relationship between philosophy and reflection, grounded in the premise that philosophy is only possible through the thinking subject's self-relation to its own cognitive acts. The author analyzes reflection as a specific mental act where the subject distinguishes between the active process of thinking and its object (cogitatum). A central problem addressed is the subject's tendency toward self-objectification; influenced by Greek conceptual frameworks, the subject often views itself as a thing, thereby losing its authentic nature as a non-object. The text explores the limitations of objectifying thought, which dominated European philosophy for over two millennia. This dominance was progressively destabilized by the encounter between the Greek tradition and Hebrew-Jewish thought, primarily through Christian syntheses. This tension between the objectification of reality and the non-objective nature of the subject provides a framework for understanding philosophical inquiry and the historical evolution of how consciousness perceives its own essence within the Western intellectual tradition.